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The History of the American Expedition Fighting the Bolsheviki Campaigning in North Russia: 1918-1919

To the men who in North Russia
died in battle and of wounds, or
of sickness due directly to hardship and exposure, this book is
reverently dedicated.

To Our Comrades and Friends

To our comrades and friends we address these prefatory words. The book is about to go to the printers and binders. Constantly while writing the historical account of the American expedition, which fought the Bolsheviki in North Russia, we have had our comrades in mind. You are the ones most interested in getting a complete historical account. It is a wonderful story of your own fighting and hardships, of your own fortitude and valor. It is a story that will make the eyes of the home folks shine with pride.

Probably you never could have known how remarkably good is the record of your outfits in that strange campaign if you had not commissioned three of your comrades to write the book for you. In the national army, we happened to be officers; in civil life we are respectively, college professor, lawyer, and public accountant, in the order in which our names appear on the title page. But we prefer to come to you now with the finished product merely as comrades who request you to take the book at its actual value to you--a faithful description of our part in the great world war. We are proud of the record the Americans made in the expedition.

We think that nothing of importance has been omitted. Some sources of information were not open to us--will be to no one for years. But from some copies of official reports, from company and individual diaries, and from special contributions written for us, we have been able to write a complete narrative of the expedition. In all cases except a few where the modesty of the writer impelled him to ask us not to mention his name, we have referred to individuals who have contributed to the book. To these contributors all, we here make acknowledgment of our debt to them for their cordial co-operation. For the wealth of photo-engravures which the book carries, we have given acknowledgment along with each individual engraving, for furnishing us with the photographic views of the war scenes and folk scenes of North Russia. Most of them are, of course, from the official United States Signal Corps war pictures.

When we started the book, we had no idea that it would develop into the big book it is, a de luxe edition, of fine materials and fine workmanship. We have not been able to risk a large edition. Only two thousand copies are being printed. They are made especially for the boys who were up there under the Arctic Circle, made as nice as we could get them made. Of many of the comrades we have lost track, but we trust that somehow they will hear of this book and become one of the proud possessors of a copy. To our comrades and friends, we offer this volume with the expectation that you will be pleased with it and that after you have read it, you will glow with pride when you pass it over to a relative or friend to read.

Detroit, Michigan,
September, 1920
JOEL R. MOORE
HARRY H. MEAD
LEWIS E. JAHNS

Table of Contents

  INTRODUCTION
  I
  U. S. A. MEDICAL UNITS ON THE ARCTIC OCEAN
  II
  FALL OFFENSIVE ON THE RAILROAD
  III
  RIVER PUSH FOR KOTLAS
  IV
  DOUGHBOYS ON GUARD IN ARCHANGEL
  V
  WHY AMERICAN TROOPS WERE SENT TO RUSSIA
  VI
  ON THE FAMOUS KODISH FRONT IN THE FALL
  VII
  PENETRATING TO UST PADENGA
  VIII
  PEASANTRY OF THE ARCHANGEL PROVINCE
  IX
  "H" COMPANY PUSHES UP THE ONEGA VALLEY
  X
  "G" COMPANY FAR UP THE PINEGA RIVER
  XI
  WITH WOUNDED AND SICK
  XII
  XIII
  WINTER DEFENSE OF TOULGAS
  XIV
  GREAT WHITE REACHES
  AT MONASTERY--FIFTH DAY, DECEMBER 22ND
  TO GBACH--NINTH DAY, DECEMBER 26TH
  TO PINEGA--TENTH DAY, DECEMBER 27TH
  XV
  MOURNFUL KODISH
  XVI
  UST PADENGA
  XVII
  THE RETREAT FROM SHENKURSK
  XVIII
  DEFENSE OF PINEGA
  XIX
  THE LAND AND THE PEOPLE
  XX
  HOLDING THE ONEGA VALLEY
  XXI
  ICE-BOUND ARCHANGEL
  XXII
  WINTER ON THE RAILROAD
  XXIII
  BOLSHEOZERKI
  XXIV
  LETTING GO THE TAIL-HOLT
  XXV
  THE 310TH ENGINEERS
  XXVI
  "COME GET YOUR PILLS"
  XXVII
  SIGNAL PLATOON WINS COMMENDATION
  XXVIII
  THE DOUGHBOY'S MONEY IN ARCHANGEL
  XXIX
  PROPAGANDA AND PROPAGANDA AND
  XXX
  REAL FACTS ABOUT ALLEGED MUTINY
  XXXI
  OUR ALLIES, FRENCH, BRITISH AND RUSSIANS
  XXXII
  FELCHERS, PRIESTS AND ICONS
  XXXIII
  BOLSHEVISM
  PARALLEL 8--THOSE WHO MAY VOTE
  UNITED STATES
  XXXIV
  Y. M. C. A. AND Y. W. C. A. WITH TROOPS
  TO OUR Y. W. C. A. AMERICAN GIRLS
  XXXV
  "DOBRA" CONVALESCENT HOSPITAL
  BARTER RETURN
  COMMODITIES BARTERED
  COMMODITIES RECEIVED IN RETURN
  APRIL 20--SUNDAY
  DINNER
  SUPPER
  APRIL 21--MONDAY
  BREAKFAST
  DINNER
  SUPPER
  APRIL 22--TUESDAY
  BREAKFAST
  DINNER
  SUPPER
  APRIL 23--WEDNESDAY
  BREAKFAST
  DINNER
  SUPPER
  APRIL 24--THURSDAY
  BREAKFAST
  DINNER
  SUPPER
  APRIL 25--FRIDAY
  BREAKFAST
  DINNER
  SUPPER
  APRIL 26--SATURDAY
  BREAKFAST
  DINNER
  SUPPER
  DISPOSITION OF PATIENTS IN AMERICAN CONVALESCENT HOSPITAL
  EVACUATED TO ENGLAND
  DISCHARGED TO AMERICAN RED CROSS HOSPITAL
  DISCHARGED TO BRITISH HOSPITALS
  XXXVI
  AMERICAN RED CROSS IN NORTH RUSSIA
  XXXVII
  CAPTIVE DOUGHBOYS IN BOLSHEVIKDOM
  XXXVIII
  MILITARY DECORATIONS
  AMERICAN DECORATIONS
  FRENCH DECORATIONS
  BRITISH DECORATIONS
  DISTINGUISHED CONDUCT MEDAL
  MILITARY MEDAL
  MERITORIOUS SERVICE MEDAL
  RUSSIAN DECORATIONS
  XXXIX
  HOMEWARD BOUND
  THE HONOR ROLL
  AMERICAN EXPEDITION WHO FOUGHT AGAINST THE
  KILLED IN ACTION
  DEATH FROM OTHER CAUSES
  DIED OF WOUNDS RECEIVED IN ACTION
  MISSING IN ACTION
  PRISONERS OF WAR
  DIED OF DISEASE

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